Indian Nuclear and Missile Tests A Shocking Reality

The failed nuclear tests at Pokhran between 10thbut no expertise.''Another former AEC chief, P K
and 13th of May 1998 proved to be extremeIyengar said, ``The government should undertake
blunder of the Indian History now. The impact andan active investigation immediately following the
the set backs of these failed tests causedstatements made by Santhanam in the article. I
extreme frustration and unwilling changes in manyam feeling really ashamed.'' Regarding a revelation
plans which India was banking on since long.  in Santhanam's article that the thermonuclear
The main motive of 1998 nuclear tests by Indiadevice had not yet been weaponised like the
was to completely push Pakistan to back foot.fission devices, he said: ``How will they do it if they
India was all set to give a clear message to theare doubtful about the yield? This itself is a clear
world that it has achieved complete supremacy inindication that the test was not a complete
the South Asian region due to its Military mightsuccess.''Both Iyengar and Prasad said the
and with a stockpile of effective Nucleardisclosures by Santhanam, that there was no
Weapons. A huge country with enormousdisturbance to the shafts at ground zero, was
economic growth and unmatchable power ofalso proof that the test was unsuccessful.// The
Conventional and Nuclear weapons could haveabove report is clear evidence that it can be
brought great influence to India in this region andpossible that the actual yielded result of the tests
probably a confirmed permanent seat in the UNcould be lower than 25 KT, throwing Indian
Security Council. There were also false claimsscientists into complete confusion and had badly
made by RAW and Military High ups of India whichshattered their confidence too. It is bad luck for
led the then Prime Minister Mr. Atal Biharithe Indians that the report about the dud tests
Vajpayee to had been completely convinced thatcame at a point when India was all set to teach
Pakistan was unable to initiate its own nuclear testPakistan a lesson of the lifetime after 26/11
in fear of International reaction. But, the mostMumbai attacks. Amid all these circumstances the
hyped tests were not only proved to be failedfailure of Missile tests also aggravated the
but subsequent tests by Pakistan on 28thMaysituation and made Indian Army think that in case
1998 completely shut the beak of the Indianof any serious confrontation between India and
ostrich. India still curses the loss of huge edge itPakistan, India would face unbelievable
got before Pokhran tests in 1998 which not onlyembarrassment if the Military would fail to hit the
changed the power scene of this region but alsopotential targets and loose the war heads too due
threw India into many doubts about its ownto the crashing of Missiles in the middle of its
nuclear capabilities. Intelligence inputs suggest thatapproach or missing the targets completely. In the
India is facing another blow due to its failed Missilefollowing report India clearly admits the failed
program which is also creating big head ache forcruise missile test //(AFP) –Jan 21, 2009 NEW
the Military high ups. India is now on anDELHI (AFP) — A supersonic cruise missile
emergency plan with the help of Israel tojointly developed by Russia and India failed to hit
restructure its Missile program which wasits target in a test previously reported as
previously based on Russian technology. Thesuccessful, Indian military scientists said
Missile program now needs a serious upgradingWednesday. The Defence Research and
and revamping because of growing challenges inDevelopment Organisation, which Tuesday claimed
the region. It is also widely believed that amongthe test of the BrahMos missile had been a "total
many factors which are believed to be likesuccess," said the missile had flown only in the
American pressure and the fear of lack ofgeneral direction of its target. "The missile
International support, the possible attack onperformance was absolutely normal till the last
Pakistan after 26/11 Mumbai terrorism werephase, but it missed the target, though it
backed off only due to sorry report of Indianmaintained the direction," BrahMos project chief
Nuclear capabilities and spineless Missile system. ItSivathanu Pillai told the Press Trust of India. The
is also believed that it was after 26/11 when theeight-metre (26-foot) missile weighs about three
reports of failed tests of Pokhran came intometric tonnes and can be launched from land,
reality otherwise it was an internal secret before.ships, submarines or aircraft, travelling at a speed
Following is the complete report appeared onof up to Mach 2.8. It has a range of 290
famous Indian News website of Times of Indiakilometres (180 miles) and is designed to carry a
which clearly shows the frustration and completeconventional warhead. The missile was fired from
helplessness of the Indians on the grave matterthe Pokhran range in the western desert state of
of dud nuclear tests. Times of India - SrinivasRajasthan, bordering Pakistan, that was also the
Laxman, TNN 18 September 2009, 01:44am ISTsite of India's nuclear tests in 1998.The Times of
/MUMBAI: Eleven years after India tested nuclearIndia newspaper Wednesday suggested the failure
bombs in the deserts of Pokhran, embarrassingwas a result of an attempt to configure the
details about the test fizzling out have explodedmissile to carry a nuclear warhead. Pillai did not
into a full blown controversy with top nuclearcomment on the newspaper's report but said his
scientists on Thursday demanding that thescientists were trying to debug the guidance
government institute an inquiry to determinesystem of a missile that had been tested 20
whether the test failed. Former nuclear czars saidtimes in the past eight years."A new software
they were ashamed that information had beenused for this mission will be revalidated through
hidden. Three former nuclear leaders -- M Rextensive simulations and a flight trial will be
Srinivasan, P K Iyengar and A N Prasad said in thecarried out in a month's time to prove the
wake of revelations by K Santhanam, projectaugmented capabilities of the missile," he said.India
leader for Pokhran II, the government must orderand Russia -- its largest military supplier -- hope to
a peer review into the yield of the thermonuclearmass produce the BrahMos for export.
test of May 1998. Santhanam went public first onNuclear-armed India, the largest arms buyer
August 26, saying that the yield from the testamong emerging countries, has already begun
was far lower than what prime minister Atal Bihariarming its navy and army with the BrahMos as a
Vajpayee's government claimed. On Thursday, intactical battlefield weapons system.The missile is
a newspaper article he disclosed embarrassingnamed after India's Brahmaputra River and
details saying the test was a failure because theRussia's Moskva River.// Further to complete
yield was only 25 kilotons, nearly half of what theshock to the Indians another Missile test this time
scientists had then claimed. He said that a meetingof Agni II also failed miserably to break the bone
of scientists discussed the failure soon after theof India's hopes to claim itself to be self reliant in
test and decided to hide it. He also pointed outthe missile technology. Times of IndiaTNN 24
that the failure meant that India now did notNovember 2009, 12:28am IST //BALASORE:
possess a credible nuclear deterrent, indicatingIndia's nuclear-capable intermediate range Agni-II
that warheads on India's long-range missile couldmissile, test-fired for the first time after sunset
have far less punch than expected. Ron Monday, reportedly failed to get the desired
Chidambaram, former chairman of Atomic Energyresults. The Army test-fired the
Commission and the architect of the nuke tests;surface-to-surface Intermediate Range Ballistic
Anil Kakodkar, then director of Bhabha AtomicMissile (IRBM) from the Integrated Test Range
Research Centre, and APJ Abdul Kalam who led(ITR) from Wheeler’s Island,Bhadrak district,
the team from Defence Research andaround 7.50pm.‘‘The liftoff and the first
Development Organisation, have insisted thestage separation was smooth. But it faltered just
device operated according to its designbefore the second stage separation and behaved
specifications and the yield was 45 kilotons.At aerratically, deviating from its coordinated path.
meeting on September 5, the AEC dismissed theFurther analysis is on to ascertain the
first statements made by Santhanam, sayingcause,’’ said a source. The entire
through different types of analysis it wastrajectory of Monday’s trial was tracked by a
established that the yield of the thermonuclearbattery of sophisticated radars, telemetry
test was 45 KT. Now, even scientists in Barc, theobservation stations, electro-optic instruments and
nation's top nuclear weapon establishment, doubta naval ship. The launch, originally scheduled in the
the claim. While saying he was surprised byfirst week of this month, was deferred due to
Santhanam's article, M R Srinivasan, former AECsome technical snags in its pneumatic system.
chairman, told TOI it was time for bothThough the snags were rectified, another glitch
Chidambaram and Kakodkar to clarify thesurfaced during Monday’s test, leading to the
situation. ``In such circumstances I think a peerfiasco, the source claimed. The nuclear capable
review is certainly warranted,'' he said. At the2,000-km-plus range missile has a length of 20
same time he said he still stood by the officialmeters, a diameter of one meter, weighs 17
position and would support Chidambaram andtonnes and can carry a payload of around 1,000
Kakodkar regarding the yield of the thermonuclearkg. It was first tested on April 11, 1999. The test
test. ``A lot of information has been published andlaunch was significant from India's strategic point
is on record. So I have really no reason toof view because for the first time since the
disbelieve at this stage either Chidambaram orbeginning of DRDO’s missile development
Kakodkar on this issue. However, because of theprogramme, a missile was put under trial during
current controversy, I think the best recoursenight. The user trial was conducted by Army
would be for both of them to clarify the positionofficials while scientists from DRDO were present
through a peer review,'' he added. Former Barcto provide necessary logistical support // India
director, A N Prasad, who has all along maintainedafter recent failures finds itself at a position
that the thermonuclear test was anything but awhere it can doubt its own capabilities to handle
success, said, ``The painful fallout of this episode isany nuclear assault either from China or from
that the credibility of the nuclear scientificPakistan in case of any future conflict in the
community and the respectable name of Barc isregion. India is now banking on the hopes that
being damaged by a few at the top.'' In a directIsrael would provide the technology of Jericho
attack on Kalam and Chidambaram, Prasad said:ground-to-ground missile system which may help
``If all that Santhanam has written is true, thenIndia to substitute its garbage program of Cruise
people occupying high places have misled theMissile and Multiple ranged Missiles which are
country. If all the data about the thermonucleardefinitely stuck in the intermediate stage and
test has been held by one man (Chidambaram),cannot be completely relied upon. The recent
then how can it be scientifically contested oradvancing relationship with USA is also helping India
debated? He has kept it under wraps.'' Stressingto shelve its own Missile technology and substitute
that there should be a probe by a committeeit with already tested and dependable technology
constituted by the government, Prasad said thatwhich America would offer to India to wipe out
the team should comprise those having seriousthe sorrow of the failures on the technological
doubts about the yield of the test as well asfront. The set backs after shameful failures in
experts who can include former nuclear scientistsNuclear and Missile technology left India with no
who have been raising their voices. ``It should notchoice but to look towards USA, Israel and Russia
consist of only yes men. It should consist ofto provide their own tested Missiles and few
those who are knowledgeable, who have theNuclear Weapons too to maintain its inventory
capacity to investigate such a serious matter,'' hewith dependable and trusted Missiles and
said.``If this committee concludes that thewarheads. But to achieve that, India could be
thermonuclear test had completely failed then thegiving many concessions to these countries
government has played a major fraud on theincluding access to the testing, production and
people of this country,'' he said. Asked if the AECstorage sites of Nuclear weapons and Multiple
itself can investigate, he replied: ``It has credibility,ranged Missiles.