India and the Nuclear Deal

The Indian media space is buzzing with the oneprogram will not remain sovereign any more
and only issue: the Indo-US Nuclear Deal.when US nuclear experts will have an open
According to the media pundits, a better way ofaccess to India's nuclear facilities and the external
telling will be the 'Spoilsport Left and the Indo-USsupervision will definitely deter the independence
Nuclear deal'! The media is overwhelmed and gladof its nuclear program. This will widen up the
to finally discover a firm and will powered primepossibility of India's nuclear program secrets to
minister who recently went aloof from his officialleak out. India is still a non-signatory of the
and political duties for days. We were told thatNuclear-Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT). For the last
this was his 'Gandhian' way to show anger,38 years, India has not complied with any
courage and determination against the ultimatumexternal interference in its nuclear program.
issued by the left to withdraw support if theAccording to the deal, this sovereignty will
government advances for signing the deal. It wasdefinitely be in a question.
also a message to some of the UPA allies whoDr P K Iyengar, Dr A Gopalakrishnan and Dr A N
were against an early election. His act therefore, isPrasad, all senior and highly respected scientists
a stern warning to the detractors that he will nothave commented in a recent (June 2008) press
budge to whatever pressure comes on his wayrelease:
to sign the deal even if the government falls. Is itAnalysts have convincingly shown that this
not a humiliation if India backtracks now? Shouldadditional power will come at a much higher cost
not the Indian people line behind the Prime Ministerper unit of electricity compared to conventional
and support him on this issue to safeguard thecoal or hydro power, which India can generate
prestige and shining future of the country? Thewithout foreign imports.
print and electronic media in a motivated mannerOnce the deal is in place, it is also clear that India's
is consistently trying to explain to the people ofcommercial nuclear interactions with the US, as
India in simplistic terms about the goodness of thewell as with any other country, will be firmly
deal officially known as Henry J. Hyde Unitedcontrolled from Washington, via the stipulations of
States-India Peaceful Atomic Energy Cooperationthe Hyde Act, 2006, enforced through the
Act of 2006 or 'The Hyde Act'. Any opposition tostranglehold which the US retains on the Nuclear
this act is viewed as sabotage to India's vitalSuppliers' Group.
interests.The real issue facing India, therefore, is whether
It is interesting to note that in his four years inor not we want this mythical extra 'energy
office, Dr. Singh never found this boldness andsecurity' through this deal, paying almost thrice
determination to address various national issues. Itthe unit capital cost of conventional power plants,
seems that he was holding the chair only towith the additional burden of subjugating.
augment the process of a wide strategic allianceFrom some blocks, this criticism of the nuclear
with his former employer, the United States. Thescientists is viewed as a partisan outlook. Is it not
fact remains that in the pretext to meet India'sthe responsibility of these experts to advise the
nuclear energy needs, the Indo-US Nuclear Deal isnation and its people on a highly technical matter
actually a close strategic and military tie uplike the nuclear deal? This advice has derived from
covering political, economic and militarytheir particular knowledge and experience that is
cooperation with Washington. Through the deal,of course more reliable than the blabbers of the
India will line up as a global partner with the evileconomist Prime Minister or the opportunist
designs of Washington in Asian subcontinent. Thepoliticians like Mulayam Singh Yadav. Mulayam did a
promises of this alliance came as a first handvolte-face from his earlier stand on the deal and
proof when the Indian government surprisinglyhis relations with the Congress party following his
voted against Iran twice in 2005 in theright hand man Amar Singh's return from the US
International Atomic Energy Agency. Therefore,a week back. After a highly publicized meeting
only fools and opportunists will believe thatwith the technocrat ex President of India Abdul
America's eagerness for the deal is for theKalam, Mulayam has expressed that he is totally
benefits of India.convinced today that the deal is good for the
The primary objective put forward bycountry. Obviously, his conviction has not
Government of India is that the deal will help Indiaoriginated from a deep study and understanding
ensure its growing need of electric power. Theof the nuclear deal. It has evoked from the dark
supporters of the deal are also arguing that Indiachambers of Indian political biosphere where some
requires this deal to support speedy growth ofother deal was settled.
the economy. At present India's nuclear powerIs this Indo-US Nuclear Deal, also termed as
generation capacity is less than 3% of the totalCivilian Nuclear Cooperation Agreement, really
installed capacity of all its power plants. Accordingabout civilian nuclear cooperation? Today, what
to the 'most optimistic scenario' in the next 10the Left is pointing towards a grave future
years predicted by a Planning Commission report,situation will be clearer to all the citizens of this
nuclear energy will be adding only 7% of India'scountry after the deal starts rolling. Slowly and
total installed capacity. If we consider the buoyantsystematically, the US will start promoting its
figures tabled by the government, it will still bestrategic domestic and foreign policy objectives in
less than 9% if the deal gets going.Asia from the Indian soil. The indications are
However, these predicted figures may not be asufficiently clear even today from the India-US
reality keeping in mind the cost factor involved injoint military exercises such as the one that took
it. In all estimates, nuclear power is too expensiveplace in the Kalaikunda air base in West Bengal.
to benefit a poor country like India if comparedNext, the Chennai port became the anchorage of
with other cheaper sources of energy likethe nuclear powered aircraft carrier 'Nimitz'. This
thermal, hydro and renewable. The cost of buildingmilitary exercise was extended to the
a nuclear power plant with domestic reactors is'quadrilateral' exercises involving US, Japan and
twice than a coal-fired thermal power plant. ItAustralia. We can understand the basic US
simply means that by spending the same amountstrategy concerning India from this Pentagon
of money we can generate double MW of electricstudy 'Indo-US Military Relations: Expectations and
power from thermal plants. The cost differencePerceptions'. According to this report: "The Indians
will shoot up more if we compare indigenouswill laud the relationship as a success if they obtain
coal-fired plants with nuclear plants havingthe technology that they want from the United
imported reactors. After signing the deal, India willStates. We (the US military) will view the
not get nuclear fuel or reactors free or even at arelationship as a success if we are able to build a
low cost but at the prevailing market price.constructive military cooperation programme that
Therefore, obviously the cost of electricityenables us to jointly operate with the Indians in
coming from nuclear power plants will be muchthe future." Therefore, after signing the nuclear
higher than electricity produced from thedeal US will start pursuing and pressurizing for
indigenous thermal plants.military contracts. India will one day find itself
In addition, to pump in more public money to runentwined with this strategic and commercial
the nuclear plants other infrastructure sectors ofdesigns of the US and after falling into their grip
India must go deprived from funds. There will alsowill become a lucrative client and loyal satellite of
be other potential hazards and the seriousthe US.
problem of disposing nuclear wastes. Even US hasAs stated by Joseph Cirincione of the Nuclear
not yet come up with a full proof nuclear wasteNon-Proliferation Project of the Carnegie
disposal system. Another argument raised byEndowment for International Peace, ".....what it tells
some environmentalist experts is that nuclearus of the U.S. grand strategy, and that behind
energy will help to control global warming. This is awhatever else is going on here the U.S. is
peculiar one. Should we then start building newpreparing for a grand conflict with China and
nuclear plants everywhere and everyday?constructing an anti-China coalition.....In that
Quite rightly, some of our nuclear scientists havescenario, India is even more valuable as a nuclear
raised serious concern on the deal. Their area ofpower, rather than as a non-nuclear country."
fear is mainly that this deal will baffle India'sThe days may not be far away when we will see
indigenous and well-merited thorium based nuclearthe US military directly or indirectly in service
program. It may also jeopardize the possibility tofrom their base on Indian soil. Prime Minister
expand and pursue nuclear technologies in futureManmohan Singh and the Congress party are
for India's own benefits. Another major concern isdeeply committed to their role as the US agent in
that the existence of India's independent nuclearIndia for constructing this strategic US base.