Miners and Utilities at Odds over Uranium Price Forecasts

Nowhere was it more evident of battle lines beinguranium grade at the commencement of the
drawn between suppliers and end users in thesolution mining. Newton pointed out that in the
nuclear fuel sector than at the Platts SecondUnited States head grades are about 100 parts
Annual Nuclear Fuel Strategies conference onper million (ppm) of uranium. At Crowe Butte
September 26th. Since April, various utility(Nebraska), Power Resources is getting 43
consultants and fuel brokers have routinelyppm.By comparison, the head grades in
contacted StockInterview to 'talk down' theKazakhstan reach 250ppm and are averaging
uranium price. Frequent is the mantra about howover 200ppm. While the deposits are deeper,
speculators and hedge funds are driving the spotdown to 1500 feet, Cameco will be drilling about
uranium price higher. But spot uranium andfive times fewer wells because of those
long-term contracts march higher each month.exemplary ppms. The cost per well will be more
While utilities appear complacent, there is now anexpensive, but there will be less wells to drill. Of
underlying panic lurking beneath the surface.Aboutcourse, there are shortages of drill rigs, which
an hour after UxC announced Tuesday's weeklyadds another frustrating twist to mining in this
spot price hike - now to $54/pound, Rajivcountry.To mine these deposits by the in situ
Kundalkar, Vice President of Nuclear Engineeringleach method, Cameco/Power will need about 40
for Florida Power and Light took the podium in thekilograms of sulphuric acid to produce one
Pavilion Room of the Ronald Reagan Building inkilogram of uranium. Newton bluntly announced,
Washington, D.C. to pound the table as to why"To mine 100 metric tons of uranium will require
uranium prices should take a dive. As Mr.40 million kilograms of sulphuric acid." He explained
Kundalkar progressed through his presentation,this annually amounted to 2200 truckloads of
many in the audience wondered if he was thesulphuric acid - about six truckloads per day.
industry's latest sacrificial lamb. Kundalkar gallopedEvery day year 'round.From where will Cameco
out of the presentation room within momentsget this vast amount of sulphuric acid? Newton
after he answered the final question.Clearlyexplained there were literally mountains of sulphur
Kundalkar's audience disagreed with his conclusionswaste remaining from the high-sulfur Caspian oil
of a uranium price downturn, sometime in 2007.production. From there one could obtain sulphuric
Questioning after his presentation could beacid. He acknowledged Cameco, Areva or the
summarized in one word: brutal. It was becauseKazakhs would first need to build several sulphuric
Kundalkar argued the uranium price was artificiallyacid plants. His best-case scenario for such a plant
high due to a perception of tight supply.Hewould be in five years. On the worst case
compared uranium's spectacular price rise overscenario, Fletcher skirted the issue, explaining the
the past six years to the jump in palladium prices.Kazaks needed to streamline their operations.And
Kundalkar concluded palladium rose and fell, and sotherein one finds the headaches. The
should uranium. He particularly emphasized theinfrastructure is lacking. New roads will have to be
collapse of palladium mining stocks, which fell afterbuilt to replace the 'camel trails' and truck the
the underlying commodity sunk lower.He explainedmaterial from the mining operation to the
there was an abundant supply of uranium fromprocessing facility. The Kazaks aren't quite ready
Canada, Australia and Kazakhstan, both now andfor all those trucks. Newton explained the arrival
especially in the coming years. Kundalkar pointedof traffic jams in this backward nation, adding an
out that delays in the licensing of new reactors inanecdote about a recent traffic accident resulting
China and India would suppress the demand forin a fatality. While we take these for granted, it is
uranium. He added that Cigar Lake, Olympic Daman unusual development in the backcountry areas
and Kazakhstan would provide sufficient uraniumof Kazakhstan where animals are the primary
to meet the Western World requirements.Rathertransportation mode. Yet another headache: new
than blink at the short-term rise in uranium,transmission lines will also be required to generate
Kundalkar explained away any concern about thethe electricity to run the operations.Newton
soaring fuel costs by announcing Florida Powerdiscussed the weather. Similar to northern
and Light was pursuing long term strategies andWyoming, he called the weather "a fast changing
cost-control initiatives. One such plan was to makeclimate." He showed his audience a slide of tall
reactors more efficient. On the initiative that hissnow drifts, explaining the snowstorm produced
plants would become more efficient, one mustthis much snow in 45 minutes. In the winter,
wonder what maximum capacity those reactorsCameco has learned to keep bulldozers nearby to
can endure. Ten years ago, nuclear power plantsdig out of the heavy snowfall. In the summer,
ran 75 percent capacity. Presently, they are beingroads need rebuilt from the flooding.A more
pushed to their limits above 90 percent. Kundalkarserious problem is the labor force. Newton
was not forthcoming in any details about how hisshowed a slide of a cozy Kazak peasant family
utility would institute cost-control initiatives.Afterduring his presentation. After he spoke, we talked
we called him on his three main sources of supply,with him, asking about the labor force. Newton
asking Kundalkar if he had measured the riskexplained that it would be peasants such as the
variables inherent with those regions, heone in the slide that would provide the bulk of
acknowledged he had done so. Instead, we leanlabor for Cameco's Kazak operations. Again, during
toward believing he glibly digested industryhis presentation he referred to most of the
reports, as far too many have done, but failed tocountry as having one's foot back in the
investigate further or probe deeper about supplyeighteenth or nineteenth centuries. We dared not
risks. Another questioned Kundalkar if Floridaask him if they still played polo with the heads of
Power and Light had participated in the recenttheir enemies as they did in the movie, "The Man
Department of Energy uranium sale. The utilityWho Would Be King."What will materialize when
had not. He admitted he thought the price wasthe Kazak labor force discovers they need to
too high. Instead, Cameco Corp bought theshare in the uranium profiteering? Chilean miners
uranium and quickly resold some of it for astruck in August at BHP's Escondida copper mine,
profit.Bad News for Uranium BearsHad he notthe world's largest, this past August, citing the
scrambled away from the conference, Kundalkarsteep rise in copper prices. BHP hopes to avert
might have been shocked by the disclosures inanother strike at the nearby Spence project.
the afternoon presentations which followed him.Teck Cominco averted a strike Sunday night at
Had Kundalkar presented his thesis to a lessthe Highland Valley copper mine in British Columbia
savvy audience, he might have receivedby reaching a tentative contract with the miner's
something more than a polite applause when heunion. As utilities and other uranium bears explain
stepped down. From the disgruntled audience, onethat uranium will become more abundant as more
long-time industry consultant asked Kundalkarcompanies bring on more projects, few are
point blank: Have you heard of peak oil?Unwittingfactoring in the rising labor costs, the variables
denial about supply risks has its consequences.inherent with developing new infrastructure and
The next step down the descending staircase forthe likelihood of delays. Environmentalists have
complacent U.S. utilities came from Jim Ferland,also begun rearing their heads over various
head of Louisiana Energy Services (LES). This wasprojects. Few are factoring in this risk. The more
Ferland's final appearance on behalf of LES as heactive these anti-nuclear groups become, the
has since taken a VP job with Westinghouse. Ingreater they abet the rising uranium price.The Milk
his parting speech, Ferland announced anAnecdoteBusiness in Kazakhstan is not what one
anti-nuclear lobbying group had filed an appealfinds in the West. Newton admitted during his
against LES for their NRC license in the District ofpresentation that the Kazaks don't report their
Columbia Circuit Court. He warned there was auranium production as other countries do. For
potential risk of a stay or worse. By worse,example, he discovered from a border guard that
Ferland inferred the uranium enrichment plantKazakhstan had been shipping about 50 metric
might never operate at all. The consequence oftons of uranium oxide to China every month for
'worse' hung like a dark cloud in the room.Shouldseveral months. But, nothing of that had been
the appeal be dismissed, Ferland cautioned aboutreported in the media or to organizations, such as
labor availability in eastern New Mexico. Already,the World Nuclear Association, which track mining
the company is worrying about higher labor costsproduction for each country.One can not be
and is expecting to go over budget on both plantcertain of what to believe when KazAtomProm
construction and operations. LES may haveissues a forecast. Yet, many utilities, such as
difficulty finding an ample supply of electricalFlorida Power and Light, swallow these predictions
workers and aluminum welders necessary forwithout a second thought. Questioned about
building the National Enrichment Facility. HeKazak production forecasts, Newton responded
announced that getting the NRC license wasthere were those who had "big thoughts." In the
relatively easy compared to what the companypresentation which followed, by Patricia Mohr, Vice
would go through to construct the enrichmentPresident for Economics at Canada's Scotiabank,
plant.U.S. utilities are counting upon the newshe said while the Kazaks have extremely
uranium enrichment center for the SWU to powerambitious plans, their timeline was
their reactors. Will it arrive on time? No one can"unrealistic."Newton deftly provided the "milk
say right now, but Ferland stuck to LESanecdote" for his audience while avoiding a direct
projections of the first SWU being delivered byanswer to the question about KazAtomProm's
fourth quarter 2008 and three million SWUrobust production forecasts. He explained that this
generated in late 2012 to 2013. An expansionreminded him of the old Soviet Union, when a top
decision won't be made until 2009. But then again,Communist party official met with the general
Ferland will be at Westinghouse in Pittsburgh, notmanager of a Russian dairy cooperative. The
in New Mexico where LES will be sweating to buildparty official asked the manager if he could
that facility.More Bad News if Utilities Believequadruple last year's milk production. Of course,
Kazak ProjectionsIn what would qualify as thethe manager promised he would, vowing that he
most sincere presentation of the day, Powerwould do this for the Politburo and so forth. Then,
Resources Chief Executive Fletcher Newtonthe official asked the manager if he could increase
discussed the upside and downside of uraniumproduction by eight times. The manager
mining in Kazakhstan. It is both a tribute to theannounced it could be done and that he would do
crystal clear transparency of Cameco and theirit for the glory of the Fatherland. Finally, the party
subsidiary, Power Resources, in providing us theofficial asked the manager if he could increase
truth about this difficult Central Asian country.milk production by 16 times over the previous
Promising as Kazakhstan sounds on paper,year. Exasperated, the manager declared that he
Fletcher Newton concluded during his presentationwould achieve this target, saying, "I can do it, but
that mining in this country would be challenging.the milk is going to look a lot like water."Perhaps
More specifically, he said, "There is lots of uraniumthis anecdote will help Florida Power and other
out there, but getting it will be a challenge."Newtonutilities become more cautious when readily
described the Inkai solution mining project infactoring in Kazak uranium production into their
Kazakhstan, of which one section is 600 feet longfuel supply expectations.James Finch contributes
by 300 feet wide. It will be the largest solutionto and other publications. Visit to read all of his
mining project in the world - producing about 2000archived articles on uranium and the nuclear fuel
tons annually, roughly 5 million pounds. The depositcycle.
has extraordinary head grades, which is the